The rule of thirds: Divide the frame into thirds both horizontally and vertically, placing the subject along one of the lines or at the intersection of two.

Lead room: Leave space in front of a moving subject to show its direction of movement.

Simplicity: Keep the composition simple, with a clear subject and minimal distractions.

Fill the frame: Use the zoom or move closer to the subject to fill the frame and emphasize it.

Balance: Consider the balance of elements in the frame, including color, shape, and placement.

Perspective: Play with the viewpoint to create unique perspectives and add interest to the scene.

Depth of field: Control the depth of field by adjusting the aperture to keep certain elements in focus while blurring others.

Lighting: Experiment with the available light and use techniques such as backlighting, side lighting, and reflections to add interest.

Moment: Timing is key in capturing a decisive moment, the peak of action, or an emotional expression.

Storytelling: Use the elements of composition, lighting, and moment to tell a story and convey a message through the image.